Alla Bodnar

This study is devoted to the analysis of the impact of the war on the transformation of the national identity and collective memory of Ukrainians. Changes in public attitudes, the role of historical narratives, education and culture in strengthening national consciousness are considered. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms for supporting the unity of society and cultivating the strategies for the development of Ukraine as an independent European country in the conditions of modern challenges.

WThe end of the 18th-beginning of the 19th century. was a time of great political changes and social transformations in Ukraine, caused primarily by the new geopolitical situation in Central and Eastern Europe. Podillia, together with the entire Right Bank, was annexed by the Russian Empire at the end of the 18th century as a result of the second division of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This territory became a valuable addition to the metropolis, because it was rich and densely populated. After the annexation of the region, the tsarist authorities immediately began a large-scale restructuring of public life in accordance with the needs and interests of the entire empire.The educational sphere of the region has undergone significant ethno-national changes, caused, on the one hand, by the Russification and destruction of the Uniate Church and Uniate schooling as important means of preserving the cultural and spiritual heritage and national unity of Ukrainians; on the other hand, the expansion of secular educational institutions according to Russian standards and the creation of schools for new colonists. Tsarism faced the question of incorporation of the local population into the "all-Russian body". He understood that for this it is not enough to deploy significant military forces on the territory of the region, to carry out administrative and territorial reform, and to fill management offices with Russians. It was necessary to change the outlook of the local population, turn them into loyal subjects of the empire and, in the final stage, completely Russify them.

An essential challenge in ESP learning is the wide variety of skills that must be developed, which range from understanding technical terms, comprehending profession-based texts and writing engineering reports and proposals to the ability to express opinions and technical concepts, give presentations, participate in projects and present research findings. The lack of academic hours for ESP learning in the Masters in Engineering curriculum indicates the need for strategies that assist effective communication in professional contexts and motivation for further ESP self-study. This paper aims to investigate how first-year Masters in Electrical Engineering at the Technical Ukrainian University perceive the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in ESP learning. The research was conducted with a participant group of 48 students from the Department of Engineering and Technology. We designed pre- and post-surveys to measure students’ attitudes towards utilizing ChatGPT in ESP learning. The participants completed the surveys at the beginning and completion of a semester ESP course. We used Excel for graphical data analysis. The findings demonstrate that almost half of the respondents had not used ChatGPT in their previous learning. Those students who had used ChatGPT in previous studies implemented this tool as a generator of relevant information, a translator and a vocabulary acquisition platform. Post-survey results indicate that the students revealed the potential of ChatGPT as a conversational partner, technical writing support, a language feedback tool and as an individual ESP tutor. The respondents believe that a language learning system based on ChatGPT can serve to improve further ESP self-study. rite here the description...

The article substantiates the basic principles of creating an innovative educational environment in institutions of higher education as an important factor in ensuring the quality of higher education and competitiveness in the conditions of European integration, which acquires special relevance in the realities of martial law and the post-war period. According to the results of the research of the modern state of innovative activities of higher education institutions, in particular, based on the analysis of scientific works and legal documents, the authors consider the innovative educational environment as conditions for training students of higher education, conducting fundamental and applied scientific research in higher education institutions. The features of the innovative educational environment of higher education institutions are characterized, in particular, the following are defined: education is: implementation of innovative educational innovations and projects; development and use of fundamentally new progressive pedagogical methods and forms of organization of the educational process; the use of innovative technologies in the management of educational institutions and a flexible system of training teaching staff to carry out professional activities in the conditions of an innovative environment. A characteristic feature of the creation of an innovative educational environment is the value aspect: educational innovations should be based on universal human values and be aimed at the formation of universal human values in students of higher education Special attention was paid in the study to the personality of the teacher of a higher education institution as an organizer of the educational environment, in particular, the authors defined innovativeness as competence and innovative thinking as an important prerequisite for the readiness of a scientific and pedagogical worker to participate in innovative activities and create an effective educational process in the conditions of innovative changes.

A high percentage of bachelor test-takers who failed the unified entrance examination test in 2021 demonstrated the lack of adequate reading strategies such as contextual guessing for improving exam performance. The study aims at evaluating the use of contextual guessing strategy during extra-curriculum EFL classes as a way to improve students’ unified entrance examination performance. The present study also examines the impact of word formation as a component of contextual guessing strategy and the effectiveness of contextual guessing with online vocabulary application in exam preparation. A quasi-experimental design was employed which involved 24 third-year students from different departments of Higher Educational Institution "Podillia State University" in 2020- 2021. The quantitative research method was employed to assess the effectiveness of using contextual guessing to improve students’ test performance using the mean score formula. Additionally, we produced a test statistic based on the ranks (Mann–Whitney Ucriterion). The results showed that the experimental group that was taught the strategy of guessing unknown words with the help of word-formation processes, and contextual clues, in particular, and applied the vocabulary platform for fixing and retaining guessed words had higher results than those who were taught unified entrance examination tests with the help of the grammar-translation method. Based on Mann–Whitney U-criterion we have statistically significant evidence to conclude that contextual guessing significantly affects EFL learners’ test performance in experimental and control groups. The guide on word formation was designed during the experiment.

The sphere of public administration covers all major areas of economic, socio-cultural, administrative and political activities, which involves thousands of different kinds of industrial and non-industrial, state and non-state agencies. Due to this circumstance, it creates a huge space for administrative and legal relations, which are based on the managed sphere of state and public life. In a democratically organized society, becoming secondary and by-law, administrative power will become executive, which is a higher degree of administrative development. Executive power is administrative power transformed into a state governed by the rule of law. To be effective, public administration must act appropriately, using its powers and resources wisely. At the same time, she must strictly abide by the law. Expediency within the law, legal expediency – the basic principle of administrative activity. The main task of public administration is to ensure orderly and coordinated activities of all parts of the executive branch. In this regard, of great public importance for the livelihood and regulation of relations in the field of public administration, belongs to such a basic area of public law as administrative law. Acting as a necessary and important tool for managing social processes in society, this branch of law has the appropriate limits of legal regulation – the activities of state executive power. The relevance of this topic is that administrative relations are the most complex institution of administrative law, especially in modern conditions of transition of public administration to market relations. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance for us to understand not only the essence of administrative law in general, but also to understand the means of administrative and legal regulation of public relations in particular. The study of the topic is aimed at studying the most important issues related to the legal nature and social significance of administrative and legal relations. Characterization of structural elements, grounds for the emergence, change and termination of administrative and legal relations makes it possible to determine their practical application