A number of specialised and decentralised EU agencies have been established to support the EU Member States and their citizens. These agencies are an answer to a desire for geographical devolution and the need to cope with new tasks of a legal, technical and/or scientific nature.The EU’s agencies are grouped into 4 different categories:
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Community agencies
A Community agency is a body governed by European public law; it is distinct from the Community Institutions (Council, Parliament, Commission, etc.) and has its own legal personality. It is set up by an act of secondary legislation in order to accomplish a very specific technical, scientific or managerial task, in the framework of the European Union’s “first pillar”.
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Common Foreign and Security Policy agencies
Agencies have been set up to carry out very specific technical, scientific and management tasks within the framework of European Union’s Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) – the "second pillar" of the EU.
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Police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters agencies
Another group of agencies has been set up to help the EU Member States co-operate in the fight against organised international crime. This co-operation in criminal matters is the "third pillar" of the EU.
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Executive agencies
Executive agencies are organisations established in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 58/2003 (OJ L 11, 16.1.2003) 
with a view to being entrusted with certain tasks relating to the management of one or more Community programmes. These agencies are set up for a fixed period. Their location has to be at the seat of the European Commission (Brussels or Luxembourg).
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EURATOM Agencies and bodies
These bodies are created to support the aims of the European Atomic Energy Community Treaty (EURATOM). The purpose of the Treaty is to coordinate the Member States' research programmes for the peaceful use of nuclear energy, to provide knowledge, infrastructure and funding of nuclear energy and to ensure sufficiency and security of atomic energy supply.
