Member States of the EU

Netherlands

Year of EU entry: Founding member
Political system: Constitutional monarchy
Capital city: Amsterdam
Total area: 41 526 km²
Population: 16.4 million
Currency: euro
Listen to the official EU language:
Dutch

Detailed map - click on the map

The Netherlands, as the name indicates, is low-lying territory, with one-quarter of the country at or below sea level. Many areas are protected from flooding by dykes and sea walls. Much land has been reclaimed from the sea, the Flevoland polder being the most recent example.

The Dutch Parliament (or Staten Generaal) consists of two chambers. The first, with 75 members, is indirectly elected and has limited powers. The second chamber, or lower house, is directly elected. Members of both houses serve a four-year term. Given the country’s multi-party system, all governments are coalitions.

Industrial activity in the Netherlands predominantly consists of food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining as well as electrical and electronic machinery. It has a dynamic agricultural sector and is well known for its plants and cut flowers. The port of Rotterdam is the busiest in Europe, serving a vast hinterland which stretches into Germany and central Europe.

These 18th century windmills were built to drain the surrounding land The Netherlands has a history of great painters. The 17th century was the age of the Dutch Masters, such as Rembrandt van Rijn, Johannes Vermeer and Jan Steen. The 19th and 20th centuries were no less remarkable for their high-calibre artists like Vincent van Gogh and Piet Mondriaan.

Well-known Dutch specialities include raw herring, smoked eel and pea soup, as well as a wide variety of cheeses such as Edam and Gouda.

National public administration portal
Postbus 51 is the Dutch government’s centre for public service information. It serves as a gateway to all Dutch public sector sites including the websites of all government departments and local authorities in the Netherlands.
Introduction to the country
The official site of the Netherlands Board of Tourism & Conventions offers a wide range of information on the country presenting it through its main cities and regions as well as its national passions and traditions such as flowers, cheese, cycling and sailing.